tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57567182577040827752024-03-13T22:57:44.587-07:00The Backpacker KebonanThe Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.comBlogger11125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-46298154411940856772011-10-04T18:32:00.000-07:002011-10-04T18:32:49.622-07:0032 Rahasia Yahudi Yang Tidak Dipublikasikan<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zTv4Rb3vpM8/TouyL-WYDcI/AAAAAAAAACM/vnpajKqtwi0/s1600/illuminati_pyramid.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zTv4Rb3vpM8/TouyL-WYDcI/AAAAAAAAACM/vnpajKqtwi0/s320/illuminati_pyramid.jpg" width="306" /></span></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">1. Tahukah anda bahwa selain ras yahudi, dilarang membeli atau menyewa tanah di Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">2. Tahukah anda bahwa setiap ras yahudi yang ada di setiap Negara di seluruh dunia menjadi warga Negara Israel secara otomatis? Sementara warga Palestina yang terlahir di tanah negerinya sendiri sejak puluhan abad yang lalu terus diusir ke luar Palestina?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">3. Tahukah anda bahwa penduduk Palestina yang menetap di kawasan Israel harus menggunakan kendaraan dengan cat dan warna khusus untuk membedakan antara ras yahudi dan non yahudi?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">4. Tahukah anda bahwa Yerusalem bagian timur, Tepi Barat, Gaza dan dataran tinggi Golan dianggap oleh masyarakat internasional khususnya barat dan Amerika sebagai kawasan yang dijajah Israel dan bukan merupakan bagian dari Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">5. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel mengalokasikan 85% air bersih hanya untuk ras yahudi dan membagikan 15% sisanya untuk seluruh penduduk Palestina yang menetap di kawasan Israel? Secara realitas, Israel mengalokasikan 85% air bersih hanya untuk 400 penduduk yahudi di Hebron, sementara 15% sisanya alokasikan kepada 120 ribu penduduk Palestina di daerah itu?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">6. Tahukah anda bahwa Amerika mengalokasikan 5 milyar US$ dari penghasilan pajaknya setiap tahunnya untuk menyumbang Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">7. Tahukah anda bahwa Amerika terus memberikan bantuan militer kepada Israel sebesar 1,8 milyar US$ setiap tahunnnya? Dan tahukah anda bahwa jumlah sebesar itu sama dengan sumbangan Amerika kepada seluruh Negara di benua benua Afrika?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">8. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel juga menunggu bantuan perang tambahan sebesar 4 milyar US$ dari Amerika yang terdiri dari pesawat tempur F 16, Apache dan Blackhawk? Dan karena Amerika merupakan Negara koalisi utama bagi Israel, maka ia wajib memberikan semua fasilitas yang diminta Israel untuk menjamin eksistensinya.</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">9. Tahukah anda bahwa pemerintah Amerika telah menekan Konggres tentang</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span class="apple-style-span">pelanggaran Israel dalam penggunaan senjata yang mereka sumbangkan? Khususnya pada tahun 1978, 1979 dan tahun 1982 pada perang di Lebanon dan penggunaan senjata nuklir pada tahun 1981.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">10. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel adalah satu-satunya Negara di Timur Tengah yang menolak menandatangani larangan pengembangan senjata nuklir? Dan menolak Tim Investigasi PBB untuk memeriksa tempat persembunyian nuklirnya?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">11. Tahukah anda bahwa sebelum berdirinya Israel pada tahun 1948, sudah memiliki pabrik pengembangan senjata nuklir?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">12. Tahukah anda bahwa Perwira Tinggi Israel di Departemen Perang mengakui secara terang-terangan bahwa militer Israel membunuh semua tahanan perang Palestina tanpa proses pengadilan?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">13. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel meledakan tempat kediaman Diplomat Amerika dan menyerang kapal perang Amerika Liberty di perairan internasional pada tahun 1967? Walaupun serangan itu menewaskan 33 tentara Amerika dan melukai 177 lainnya, tetapi Amerika sama sekali tidak melakukan tindakan apapun terhadap Israel? Hanya dengan alasan bahwa tentara Israel salah sasaran? Bayangkan kalau serangan itu dilakukan oleh Negara Islam?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">14. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel merupakan Negara yang paling banyak mengabaikan resolusi DK PBB? Jumlah resolusi yang diabaikan oleh Israel mencapai 69 buah. Bayangkan seandainya satu Negara Islam mengabaikan 1 resolusi PBB, apa yang akan dilakukan oleh Amerika?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">15. Tahukah anda bahwa pemerintah Israel menggunakan system politik konservasi terhadap identitas ras yahudi agar tetap menjadi warga Negara itu?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">16. Tahukah anda bahwa Mahkamah Agung Israel telah menetapkan Perdana Menteri Ariel Sharon sebagai tersangka dalam kasus pembantaian Shabra dan Syatilla pada 16 September 1982 di Lebanon yang menewaskan lebih dari 1000 orang Palestina terdiri dari anak-anak, wanita dan orang tua?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">17. Tahukah anda bahwa pada tanggal 20 Mei 1990, seorang tentara Israel menyuruh para buruh Palestina yang sedang menunggu bus di sebuah halte untuk duduk berbaris di atas tanah, setelah itu ia menembaki mereka dari jarak setengah meter? Tahu pulakah anda bahwa pemerintah Israel menyatakan tentara itu tidak bersalah dan bahkan mendapat penghargaan khusus dari pemerintah Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">18. Tahukah anda bahwa sampai tahun 1988, semua pabrik dan kantor di Israel hanya boleh menempelkan keterangan lowongan kerja dengan perkataan: "lowongan kerja hanya untuk ras yahudi", "dicari seorang karyawan dengan syarat ras yahudi"?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">19. Tahukah anda bahwa Departmen Luar Negeri Israel membayar 6 peruhaan media Amerika untuk memunculkan image positif Israel kepada masyarakat Amerika dan Eropa?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">20. Tahukah anda bahwa Sharon mengajak Partai radikal Molodeit untuk menjadi koalisi utama dalam kabinetnya? Padahal partai itu beridiologi radikal dengan persepsi pokok membesihkan Israel dari non ras yahudi dan pengusiran secara paksa seluruh warga Palestina dari Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">21. Tahukah anda bahwa Perdana Menteri Israel pertama David ben Gorion sepakat dengan langkah pengusiran secara paksa seluruh ras arab dari Israel?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">22. Tahukah anda bahwa Rahib besar di Israel Ofadya Yosef yang juga pendiri</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span class="fullpost">Partai Syas (partai terbesar ketiga di Israel) mendukung aksi militer Israel untuk menghabisi warga Palestina? bahkan ia mengeluarkan fatwa radikal pada hari raya paskah yang lalu dalam wawancaranya di sebuah jaringan radio terbesar di Israel: "Tuhan akan membalas semua kejahatan warga arab, Tuhan akan menghancurkan keturunannya, menghabisinya dan menghancurkan tanahnya dan Tuhan akan membalas mereka dengan siksaan yang pedih. Karenanya dilarang semua ras yahudi untuk memberikan rasa kasih sayang kepada warga arab, dan wajib bagi setiap yahudi untuk menembakan rudal dan senjatanya ke arah dada dan kepala setiap warga arab untuk menghabisinya, karena mereka itu makhluq yang jahat dan terkutuk"……</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">23. Tahukah anda bahwa pengungsi Palestina terbesar di dunia?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">24. Tahukah anda bahwa penduduk Kristen Palestina bersatu dengan penduduk Palestina muslim untuk melawan penjajah yahudi?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">25. Tahukah anda, walaupun Mahkamah Agung Israel sudah mengeluarkan keputusan pelarangan penyiksaan dalam proses pemeriksaan, tetapi Shinbet (Badan Intelejen Israel) tetap terus menyiksa setiap pejuang Palestina dalam proses pemeriksaannya?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">26. Tahukah anda bahwa walaupun Israel terus mengganggu proses belajar mengajar dan merusak seluruh sarana dan prasara pendidikan penduduk Palestina, tetapi penduduk Palestina tetap menjadi Negara terbesar di dunia yang penduduknya bergelar doctor (S3)? Hal ini apabila dilihat dari jumlah prosentase penduduknya.</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">27. Tahukah anda bahwa setiap manusia mempunyai hak yang sama yang dijamin oleh undang-undang HAM internasional yang diterbitkan pada tanggal 10 Desember 1948? Tetapi tahukah anda bahwa undang-undang itu sama sekali tidak berlaku bagi penduduk Palestina? karena dihalangi dengan ditandatanganinya kesepatakan OSLO?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">28. Tahukah anda bahwa mayoritas buku sejarah di dunia mengatakan Negara-negara arab yang menyerang Israel terlebih dahulu pada perang tahun 1967? Padahal faktanya, justru Israel yang menyerang Negara-negara arab terlebih dahulu kemudian mereka merebut kota Al Quds dan Tepi Barat? Tetapi mereka mengatakan bahwa serangannya itu adalah serangan untuk menjaga diri dan antisipasi?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">29. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel sebagai Negara penjajah sama sekali tidak terikat dengan konsvensi Jenewa untuk menjaga hak-hak dan keselamatan warga sipil Palestina?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">30. Tahukah anda bahwa perintah Perdana Menteri Israel Ariel Sharon sudah tidak dituruti lagi oleh militer Israel? Salah satu contohnya adalah ketika ia melarang militer Israel untuk melakukan genjatan senjata dan dilarang menembak, tetapi militer Israel terus menyerang, menembaki rakyat sipil Palestina dan menghancurkan tempat tinggal mereka. Insiden paling memilukan andalah pembantaian tiga wanita Palestina, padahal mereka sedang berada dalam tenda pengungsiannya?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: orange;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;">31. Tahukah anda bahwa Israel terus melakukan berbagai usaha untuk menghancurkan Masjid Al Aqsha dan Qubah Shakhrah sejak 50 tahun yang lalu dengan menggali bawah tanah masjid tersebut agar runtuh dengan sendirinya?</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: orange;">32. Tahukah anda bahwa Presiden Afrika Selatan Nelson Mandela mengatakan bahwa Israel adalah Negara rasisme dan apartheid seperti kondisi Afrika Selatan sebelum ia pimpin?</span></span></span></div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-87936615665064614102011-07-21T17:54:00.000-07:002011-07-27T18:00:16.620-07:00Mount Rinjani<div style="color: lime;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>IN</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qHtZRwJeRYI/TjC0CxebB8I/AAAAAAAAACI/Q1-oVNRd6_E/s1600/Rinjani+Sunrise.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-qHtZRwJeRYI/TjC0CxebB8I/AAAAAAAAACI/Q1-oVNRd6_E/s400/Rinjani+Sunrise.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Rinjani & Segara Anak Crater Lake</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Standing at a majestic 3726 m, Mt. Rinjani located in the North of Lombok, is the second highest peak in Indonesia. For the people of Lombok, Sasak and Balinese alike, this mountain is a sacred place where, at the summit, the holy gods live.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A large crater lake Segara Anak, located at 2000 m above sea level is the destination of many pilgrims, who make the annual trek up the steep slopes in order to place offerings to the gods in the lake itself. Within this breathtaking crater lake has appeared a new and active volcano, Mt. Barujari. On the north side of the lake is a hot spring (one of 4 Segara Anak hot springs found there) which is said to cure disease.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">To climb such an impressive mountain is an unforgettable experience. Starting points for such a trek can begin at Senaru in the North (or from Sembalun from the east) ‑ this two or three day trek attacks Rinjani from the West with a descent to the awesome crater lake before again climbing up and out and on to the summit.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
A model for ecotourism in Indonesia, the community-based activities are focused on the Rinjani Trek Centre in Senaru, the most popular starting point for the tough trek. Developed with New Zealand Government assistance since 1999, the Rinjani Trek Centre embodies under one roof (satu atap) the unique partnership of the National Park, tourism industry and local communities that has been forged to manage and protect the Rinjani mountain environment.<br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Rinjani volcano towers over the beautiful island of Lombok in West Nusa Tenggara province. Rising from the sparkling rice terraces to a dizzying height of 3,726 meters, it is the second-highest volcanic peak in Indonesia. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Only Gunung Kerinci in Sumatra is higher, at 3805 metres. Unlike the smooth cones of Bali and Java, Rinjani is more a massif than a single peak: the huge crater is some six kilometres across, and shelters a deep lake. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Rinjani volcano on the island of Lombok rises to 3726 m, second in height among Indonesian volcanoes only to Sumatra's Kerinci volcano. Rinjani has a steep-sided conical profile when viewed from the east, but the west side of the compound volcano is truncated by the 6 x 8.5 km, oval-shaped Segara Anak caldera. The western half of the caldera contains a 230-m-deep lake whose crescentic form results from growth of the post-caldera cone Barujari at the east end of the caldera. Historical eruptions at Rinjani dating back to 1847 have been restricted to Barujari cone and consist of moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows that have entered Segara Anak lake.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The whole of the Rinjani area was gazetted as a national park in 1997, and the mountain is one of the most prized trekking destinations in Southeast Asia. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Rinjani is located in a caldera 2.4 km by 4.8 km in size. There are two active centres located in the eastern part of caldera - Barujari and Rombongan cones.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Segara Anak Lake is situated inside the caldera. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On 3 November 1994, a cold lahar from the summit area of Rinjani Volcano traveled down the Kokok Jenggak River. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Thirty people from the village of Aikmel who were collecting water from the river were killed. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Eruptions of Rinjani Volcano </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2004, 1994, 1966, 1965, 1953, 1949-50, 1944-45, 1941?, 1915, 1909, 1906, 1901, 1900, 1884, 1847 </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Getting There</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">We can manage the transport to Senaru or Sembalun Lawang. These two village can be reached by private and charter vehicle, or by public bus. Form the west, catch a bemo to Anyar, from where bemos travel to Senaru about every 20 minutes until 4 pm. If you are coming from, or going to, eastern Lombok, get off at the junction near Bayan (your driver will know it), from where bemos go to Senaru. To Sembalun Lawang and Sembalun Bumbun, from Kali Putih to the north, a few bemos run along the rough road to both villages, usually only in the morning.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Segara Anak Lake</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Segara Anak Lake is so wide it appears like the sea with its blue water. The name Segara Anak means child of the sea. Segara Anak Lake holds various mysteries and invisible power.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
<b>Eternal Flower or Edelweis</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The plant or the flowers should not be taken because it grows in the park and in the mysterious world of the spirit kingdom. In the past, someone who wanted this flower must be brave enough to fight and gamble his soul. That is why the flower is called Sandar Nyawa. The flower has never wilted and is as old as the mysterious spirits.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Peak of Rinjani</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The people of Lombok believe that the peak of Mt. Rinjani is where Dewi Anjani, the queen spirit and ruler of Mt. Rinjani lives. To the south-east from the peak in a sea of dust called Segara Muncar is the invisible palace of the queen Dewi Anjani and her followers.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Baru Jari</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Gunung Baru is the name of the new volcano which emerged in the center of Segara Anak Lake. People believe that Gunung Baru is the navel of Mt. Rinjani. That is why if Gunung Baru erupted it will not harm the people of Lombok unless the eruption is from the peak of Mt. Rinjani. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Other Things to See or Do</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beside the mountain itself, other things for you to do or see is:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Caves</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
One of the three famous caves (Goa Susu, Goa Payung, dan Goa Manik), Susu Cave is a good place for self reflection and is often used as a place to meditate. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Healing Hot Springs</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aiq Kalak means hot water and it is used to cure various deseases. One of the hot springs is named Pangkereman Jembangan which is meant a place for dipping. The water which spurts out of the spring is very hot. People also use the hot spring to make medicine from coconut cream. After dipping a bottle of coconut cream in the hot spring if the liquid becomes clear oily it can be used as medicinal oil. Then the medicinal oil is used for good things and is called Siu Satus Tunggal or in Bayan language Siu Satunggal which means that it can be used to cure a thousand kinds of disease. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Segara Anak Lake</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Segara Anak Lake is so wide it appears like the sea with its blue water. The name Segara Anak means child of the sea. Segara Anak Lake holds various mysteries and invisible power.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Local Strawberry</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">This plant grows along the route to Mt. Rinjani. It has thorns like the rose and the fruit is red like strawberry. It has a sweet and slightly sour taste and is good to eat when trekkers are hungry and thirsty.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Eternal Flower or Edelweis</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The plant or the flowers should not be taken because it grows in the park and in the mysterious world of the spirit kingdom. In the past, someone who wanted this flower must be brave enough to fight and gamble his soul. That is why the flower is called Sandar Nyawa. The flower has never wilted and is as old as the mysterious spirits.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Peak of Rinjani</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The people of Lombok believe that the peak of Mt. Rinjani is where Dewi Anjani, the queen spirit and ruler of Mt. Rinjani lives. To the south-east from the peak in a sea of dust called Segara Muncar is the invisible palace of the queen Dewi Anjani and her followers. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 3pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Baru Jari</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 0.0001pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Gunung Baru is the name of the new volcano which emerged in the center of Segara Anak Lake. People believe that Gunung Baru is the navel of Mt. Rinjani. That is why if Gunung Baru erupted it will not harm the people of Lombok unless the eruption is from the peak of Mt. Rinjani. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; margin: 0cm 4.75pt 10pt 1cm; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-10128413497382051282011-07-21T17:43:00.000-07:002011-07-27T18:01:53.360-07:00Mount Semeru (Mahameru)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ia1OxZaN1T4/TjCvIXkeG5I/AAAAAAAAABg/vBD9K2qL3Uo/s1600/Gunung+Semeru.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="268" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ia1OxZaN1T4/TjCvIXkeG5I/AAAAAAAAABg/vBD9K2qL3Uo/s400/Gunung+Semeru.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="color: lime;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mount Semeru or Sumeru is the highest volcano on Java island, with a peak Mahameru, 3676 meters above sea level (mdpl). The crater at the peak of Mount Semeru Jonggring known Saloko.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Semeru has dipterokarp forest hills, forest above dipterokarp, Montane forest, and ericaceous forests or mountain forests.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The position of this mountain region located between the administration and Lumajang Malang Regency, with a geographic position between 8 ° 06 'S and 120 ° 55' E.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In the year 1913 and 1946 crater dome Jonggring Saloka has a height of 3744.8 M until the end of November 1973. Adjacent to the south, the dome crater edge to break the flow of lava gets Pasirian southern regions, and Lumajang Candiputro.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Travel</span></b></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span class="fullpost">It takes about four days to climb the mountain Sumeru round-trip. To climb the mountain semeru can be done through the city of Malang or Lumajang. From the terminal we poor city ride public transportation to the village Mixed. Connected again with the jeep or truck there is lots of vegetables in the back of the terminal market with cost Tumpang 20,000 per person, - to post Ranu Pane.</span></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span class="fullpost"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Previously we stopped at Gubugklakah to obtain a driver's license, with the details, license fees Rp.6.000, - to a maximum of 10 people, park admission Rp.2.000, - per person, per person Rp.2.000 Insurance.</span></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">By using vegetable truck or jeep trip starts from Mixed to Ranu Pani, the last village at the foot semeru. Here is the post examination, there are also shops and cottages. For climbers who brought the tent is charged Rp 20,000, -/tenda and if a camera is charged Rp 5,000, -/buah. Climbers can also spend the night at the guard post. Ranu Pani in the post, there are two lakes namely Lake Ranu Pane (1 ha) and Lake Ranu Regulo (0.75 ha). Situated at an altitude of 2200 mdpl.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Having arrived at the gate "welcome", note continues to the left up the hill, do not follow the broad road to the garden population. In addition to the usual path traveled the climbers, there is also a common shortcut used by local climbers, this path is very steep.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">After walking about 5 km down the hillside overgrown with flowers Edelweis lot, and will arrive at Watu Rejeng. Here there is a steep stone is very beautiful. Very beautiful scenery to the valley and hills, are overgrown with fir and pine forests. Sometimes the smoke can be seen from the top of semeru. Ranu Kumbolo to go still has a distance of about 4.5 Km.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In Ranu Kumbolo be setting up camp. There is also a climbing hut (shelter). There is a lake with clean water and has beautiful scenery, especially in the morning to watch the sunrise on the sidelines of hill. Many fish, sometimes wild grouse. Ranu Kumbolo an altitude of 2400 m with an area of 14 ha.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Of Ranu Kumbolo should prepare as much water as possible. Ranu Kumbolo left then climb the steep hill, with beautiful scenery at the lake behind. In front of the hill lies a vast prairie called oro-oro Ombo. Oro-oro Ombo surrounded by hills and mountains with beautiful scenery, wide meadows with slopes of pine trees like in Europe. From behind the Mt. Kepolo looked peak Mt. Semeru Gembel wedus smoke belching.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Further into the Pine forests where the birds and sometimes deer are found, sometimes a tiger, which he said had become extinct Java tiger. This area is called Cemoro Cage.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Postal Kalimati an altitude of 2700 m, here, can be set up tents for a rest. This postal area of pasture on the edge of pine forest, so many available branches to build a fire.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">There SumberMani springs, to the west (right) through the edge of the forest with a distance Kalimati 1 hour round trip. In Kalimati and in many Arcopodo mountain rats.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">For to Arcopodo turn left (East) runs about 500 meters, then turn right (south) down a little Kalimati pasture. Arcopodo is 1 hour from Kalimati through pine forests very steep, with a simple soil erosion and dust. We can also camped in Arcopodo, but less stable soil conditions and frequent landslides. We recommend using goggles and masks because many fly ash. Arcopodo an altitude of 2.900m, is the area of vegetation Arcopodo last at Mount Semeru, the rest will be through the sand dunes.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">To the top of Semeru Arcopodo takes 3-4 hours, past the dunes very steep and easily dropped. As a travel guide, at this point there are several small triangular flag is red. All luggage should stay in or on Kalimati Arcopodo. The climb to the summit made the early morning at around 02.00 am from Arcopodo.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Daytime wind cendurung north toward the summit carrying a toxic gas from the crater Jonggring Saloka.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The climb should be done in the dry season is in June, July, August, and September. Should not climb in the rainy season due to frequent storms and landslides.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Poison Gas</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">At the peak of Mount Semeru (top Mahameru) climbers are advised to not to Jonggring Saloko crater, also prohibited from ascending the south side, because of the poisonous gas and lava flows. Mahameru dipuncak temperature ranges from 4 to 10 degrees Celsius, at the peak of the dry season minus 0 degrees Celsius, and found ice crystals. The weather is often foggy, especially at lunch, afternoon and evening. The wind, the month of December to January is often a storm.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Gembel wedus eruption every 15-30 minutes at the peak of Sumeru mountain is still active. In November 1997 Gn.Semeru erupted 2990 times as much. At noon the wind to the summit, to avoid it came in the afternoon peak, because the poisonous gas and the explosion led to the summit.<br />
<br />
The eruption of white smoke, gray to black with the eruption of 300-800 meters high. Material that came out on every eruption of ash, sand, gravel, stones and even hot burning very dangerous if the climber is too close. In early 1994 the hot lava streaming down the southern slope Gn.Semeru and asked several casualties, hot river scenery, winding toward the sea has become a very interesting spectacle.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Climate</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
In general, the climate in the region including the Sumeru mountain climate type B (schmit and Ferguson) with 927 mm rainfall - 5498 mm per year with the number of rainy days 136 days / year and the rainy season falls in the month of November to April. Semeru dipuncak Temperatures range from 0 to 4 degrees Celsius.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The average temperature ranges between 3 °C - 8 °C at night and early morning, whereas during the day ranged between 15 °C - 21 °C. Sometimes in some areas there is little snowfall occurs during the rainy season changes to summer or vice versa. Cold temperatures along this route is not only caused by the air still but is supported by the wind that blew into the area causing the cold air.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">National Parks</span></b></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The mountain is entered in the National Park area Bromo Tengger Semeru. This National Park consists of mountains and valleys covering 50,273.3 hectares. There are several mountains in the Caldera Gn.Tengger among others; Gn.Bromo (2.392m) Mt. Batok (2.470m) Gn.Kursi (2.581 m) Gn.Watangan (2.662m) Gn.Widodaren (2.650m). There are four lakes (ranu): Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, Ranu Kumbolo, Ranu Darungan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Flora in the Region of Mount Semeru diverse species but many dominated by pine, acacia, pine, and the type of lamuju. As for the plants dominated by kirinyuh, reeds, tembelekan, harendong and white Edelwiss, there is lots of Edelwiss on the slopes toward the Sumeru Peak. And also found several species of orchids endemic to living in the surrounding South Semeru.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Many of fauna which inhabit the mountain Sumeru, among others: Tiger beetles, Budeng, Luwak, deer, deer, etc.. While in there Kumbolo Ranu Belibis wild living.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The First Climber</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The first person to climb this mountain is Clignet (1838) was a Dutch geologist from the southwest through Widodaren, then Junhuhn (1945) was a Dutch botanist from the north through the mountains Ayet-ayek, mountain-Inder and Inder Kepolo mountain. In 1911 Van Gogh and Heim through the northern slopes and after 1945 are generally carried out by climbing through the northern slopes and Ranu Kumbolo Ranupane today.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Legend of Mount Semeru</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">According to Javanese belief written in ancient books that come Tantu Cultural dariabad to 15, the island of Java at some time floating in the ocean, the waves being played here and there. The Gods decided to tack the island of Java in a way to move Mount Meru in India to the island of Java.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Lord Vishnu transformed into a giant turtle holding dipunggungnya mountain, while Lord Brahma was transformed into a long snake that wraps her body in the mountains and the tortoise, so the mountain can be transported safely.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Gods are placed on top of the mountain the first part of the island they met, namely in the western part of Java Island. But the weight of the mountain caused the eastern tip of the island rose into the air. Then they move to the east of the island but still crooked, so they decided to cut some of the mountain and placed in the northwest.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This fragment formed Pawitra Mountain, which is now known as Mount Pananggungan, and the main part of Mount Meru, where dwells the god Shiva, is now known as Mount Sumeru. At the time of Sang Hyang Shiva came to the island of Java barley saw many trees, so the island is called Java.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Geographical environment of Java and Bali were matched with symbols of the Hindu religion. In the Hindu religion is the belief of Mount Meru, Mount Meru is considered as the home of the gods and as a means of liaison between the earth (man) and Heaven. If people want to hear the voices of their gods to meditation at the top of Mount Meru. Many Javanese and Balinese society today still consider the mountain as the dwelling place of gods or spirits. Furthermore mountainous areas are still used by people of Java as a place of meditation to hear the magic.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">According to the Balinese Mount Mahameru believed to be the father of Mount Agung in Bali and respected by the people of Bali. Ceremonial offerings to the gods of Mount Mahameru done by the Balinese. However ceremony conducted only once every 8-12 years at the time people just accept the mysterious voice from the gods of Mount Mahameru. Besides offering ceremony of the Balinese that often come to the cave to get Tirta Widodaren sacred.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">People rose to the top there Mahameru which aims to hear the magical sounds. There was also a request to be given a prolonged life. However the reason people climbed to the top Mahameru, most people feared by the various ghosts that inhabit the area around the mountain. These ghosts are the spirits of ancestors who inhabit places like forests, hills, trees and lakes.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ancestral spirits are usually aimed at keeping the various places and must be respected. Hikers who stay at the lake Kumbolo Ranu Ranu often see ghosts Kumbolo. At midnig</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ht there was light orange in the middle of the lake and suddenly transformed into a ghost woman. Usually only people who have mystical powers he will see ghosts and can talk to ghosts. Whatever people believe in ghosts or not but many people who believe that the Java area Bromo, Tengger, Semeru many inhabited by ghosts.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-27785835225388058042011-07-20T08:00:00.000-07:002011-07-27T08:24:02.699-07:00Mount Kosciuszko<div style="color: lime;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>IN</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-W9gOzd7Z1r4/TjArEWrfuLI/AAAAAAAAABc/oZjLIsKbGFk/s1600/Kosciuszko.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-W9gOzd7Z1r4/TjArEWrfuLI/AAAAAAAAABc/oZjLIsKbGFk/s400/Kosciuszko.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Elevation:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> 7,310 feet (2,228 meters)</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Location:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Great Dividing Range, New South Wales, Australia.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">First Ascent:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> First ascent by an expedition led by Polish explorer Count Pawel Edmund Strzelecki, 1840</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Summit</span></b></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mount Kosciuszko is Australia’s highest peak standing at 2228 metres above sea level. The Europeans were the first to scale the mountain, with Polish explorer Paul Edmund Strzelecki naming the peak after its similarity to the tomb of the Polish patriot Kosciuszko. A plaque on the summit commemorates his early achievements. The aboriginal name for the mountain is Tar Gan Gil.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mount Kosciuszko is located in the southern section of the Kosciuszko National Park, latitude -36º 27' 26", longitude 148º 15' 44". The closest access point to Mount Kosciuszko is from the top of the Kosciuszko Express Chairlift in Thredbo. The relevant 1:50,000 topographical map is 'Mount Kosciusko 8525 - 11 & 111" and adjoining map 'Thredbo 8524 - N'.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mount Kosciuszko is only slightly higher than the other major peaks: Townsend, Carruthers, and Twynam that form the spine of the spectacular Main Range, backdrop to mainland Australia's only glacial lakes. On your journey to the roof top of Australia you’ll cross the spectacular head waters of the Snowy River, discover the amazing and truly unique flora and fauna, and be taken away by the magnificent 360 degree views at the summit. The view takes in the Victorian High Country, the Main Range & the Monaro tablelands.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Official exploration of the mountains came with the detailed surveys of Thomas Townsend in 1846-7. Clement Wragge, of Queensland, established a meteorological station on the summit in 1898 and this was manned and operated for several years. Later still, under the administration of NSW Premier, Sir Joseph Carruthers, the 50-kilometre road from Jindabyne to the summit, The Creel at Thredbo and the Hotel Kosciusko were completed in 1909. The latter famous resort was destroyed by fire in 1951.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br />
During the last ice age, glaciers tore at the granite of the Main Range, leaving lakes and huge boulders in their wake as they slowly moved across the landscape. Miniature replays of this action occur each summer as the compacted snow drifts from the winter collapse in slabs upon the waters of the Lakes known as Blue, Albina, Club, Cootapatamba & Headly Tarn.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">There are no refreshments available along the track so be sure and take a picnic lunch and at least 1 litre of water per person. There are toilets at Rawson Pass. The return distance from the top of the Kosciuszko Express Chairlift is 13kms and the trip takes about 5 hours.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Kosciuszko National Park</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">The Kosciuszko National Park is Australia’s highest national park, covering 1.5 million acres of magnificent alpine terrain. The Park is host to a wonderful variety of flora and fauna, including many alpine plants, which are found nowhere else in the world. More than 200 species of birds have been sighted in the Park - almost 40 percent of the known bird species in NSW. The awesome wedge-tailed eagle is a common sight as are kestrels, emus, cockatoos and magpies.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Parks outstanding natural features received international recognition in 1977 when it was made a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Camping is permitted virtually anywhere in the Park except: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"></span><span style="color: lime; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1. in the catchment areas of the glacial lakes </span><br />
<div style="color: lime;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2. in the resort areas</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3. at Yarrangobilly Caves</span></div><br />
<span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Basic facilities such as pit toilets and fireplaces are provided in the picnic /camping areas. Elsewhere camps should be out of sight of the roads and well away from water courses. Mountain biking is permitted on all fire and maintenance trails within the Park.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Park use fees are payable when entering the Park on the Kosciuszko Alpine Way from Jindabyne or Khancoban.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Kosciuszko Alpine Way</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This is one of Australia's greatest scenic drives, winding through the magnificent Kosciuszko National Park. You’ll pass by snow capped peaks, fields ablaze with wildflowers and deep blue lakes teaming with trout. The diverse array of wildlife is sure to keep you enthralled.<br />
<br />
<b>The Southern Section</b></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">When leaving Albury the route crosses the Hume Weir and then heads towards the quaint town of Walwa, nestled on the banks of the Murray River. The route follows the Murray and affords magnificent views of the western faces of the Snowy Mountains.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Begin to discover what Australia's High Country really means. Just before Corryong the route turns off to Khancoban and Thredbo. Khancoban was built as a construction town for the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Scheme.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The Scheme is one of the great feats of world engineering with massive pipes, power stations, and information centres dotted along the route. The displays at the Murray One power station, near Khancoban, give an overview of the Scheme.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
There are all types of accommodation along the route, from camping facilities to guest houses, farm stays, historic hotels to 5 star resorts.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Khancoban - Thredbo – Jindabyne</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This stretch is filled with magnificent alpine vistas and pristine picnic spots. In summer you can explore the Snowy trails by horse or on foot. Wet a line and tackle the rainbow and brown trout in the sparkling lakes and streams. The adrenalin junkies can have a crack at white water rafting or hammer downhill on a mountain bike.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In winter snow riding action takes the slopes by storm, with something for first timers right through to the hard core mountain machines.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Thredbo provides the most convenient access point to Mt Kosciuszko, Australia's highest mountain at 2228m above sea level. The walk to the summit of Mt Kosciuszko is easy, particularly if you take the chairlift up the Ramshead Range from Thredbo.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Snowy Mountains boasts Australia's highest golf course, tennis courts, guided walks, mountain bike hire and tuition, fly fishing, abseiling, music and adventure festivals, and much, much more.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Situated on Lake Jindabyne, the town of Jindabyne is home to the Snowy Region Visitor Centre and two modern shopping centres, offering everything from supermarkets to specialty shops.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Northern Section</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The northern section of the route travels through the Monaro Plains, Cooma and then on to Canberra, Queanbeyan and Goulburn. Cooma, known locally as the capital of the Snowy Mountains, is the retail and business centre of the region.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Visit villages, historic huts and homesteads dating from days when the first Europeans drove their stock across the Monaro Plains, and wander around the National Trust listed streets.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The route includes Australia's national capital, Canberra. Experience the history and culture of Parliament House, the National Library, the National Gallery, the High Court and the Australian War Memorial.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Take the alternative scenic route and enjoy the Snowy Mountains - Australia's High Country.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime;"><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-41453569342967591072011-07-20T07:22:00.000-07:002011-07-27T07:57:46.102-07:00Mount Everest<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIFvd6IjmO4/TjAaX8FhQDI/AAAAAAAAABY/dYJ04ZAP_HY/s1600/Everest+Himalaya.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="301" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wIFvd6IjmO4/TjAaX8FhQDI/AAAAAAAAABY/dYJ04ZAP_HY/s400/Everest+Himalaya.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Mount Everest is so famous for being so high that you've probably heard of it before. It has been known the world over since the early 1950s when Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzig Norgay first climbed to its awesome summit. Hillary surveyed Everest at the time and determined that it was 29,000 ft/8840m high - a figure amazingly close to the current reading of 29,035 ft/8850m, which was confirmed using radar and global positioning satellite (GPS) technology.</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Using state-of-the-art technology Professor Brad Washburn of the Boston Museum of Science, the world's foremost mountain cartographer, and his team have calculated that earth's highest elevation is actually 7 feet higher than the previous record. That makes the official height 29,035 ft/8850m. Thanks to some engineering whizzes at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who developed really light, high-tech gear, the work of Washburn was made easier because he was able to hand carry a radar device to the top of Everest where it could be positioned to measure the actual height of the mountain - <i>underneath </i>all that snow. GPS technology was also deployed near the summit, which uses satellite signal relays to take readings from the top of Everest. After months of crunching numbers Washburn's team arrived at the new, official world-record elevation.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">They've also determined that the Himalayan Mountains are still growing higher, at a rate of about 2.4 in/6.1cm per year. That's twice as fast as previously thought. A growth rate of 2.4 in/6.1cm per year doesn't sound like very much. But, if you think about it, that means in the last 26,000 years the Himalayans have risen almost a mile into the upper reaches of the earth's atmosphere!</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">When Hillary and Norgay climbed to the top of Everest they wore oxygen tanks. Because Everest is so high it juts into the upper reaches of the earth's atmosphere, where there are much lower concentrations of oxygen than at sea level. What that means to folks trekking up the side of Everest is that their bodies get less oxygen from each breath they breathe while climbing. But their brains and muscles require the same amount of oxygen to perform as they would at sea level. That makes it especially tough to climb Everest.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Try to imagine what it feels like to climb up a mountain with very little oxygen in your body - you get dizzy, your nose, fingers and feet get numb and tingly, your heart thunders in your chest trying furiously to keep up with the muscles' demand for oxygen. You feel sleepy, confused, downright stupid as your brain struggles to function on limited oxygen. Every step you take is extremely slow and plodding, requiring every ounce of will you have. Hillary and Norgay had extra oxygen to help them make the trip, but there have been a few people who have made the trip since who did it without the aid of oxygen - taking one step about every<i> five minutes</i>! Approximately 6,000 climbers have attempted the summit of Everest, but only 2,249 have made it. </div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Over 200 people have died trying and of those, at least 120 bodies are still missing on the mountain.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b>The Highest Mountains</b></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Mount Everest is just one of over 30 peaks in the Himalayas that are over 24,000 ft/7315m high. Himalaya is a Sanskrit word meaning, "abode of snow", which is so true. The name of the mountain in Nepal is Sagarmatha, which means "goddess of the sky". The snowfields which dominate many of the peaks in the Himalayas are permanent. Yes, they <i>never</i> melt (not even in the summer). That means there are glaciers in the Himalayas - lots of them. Mount Everest is permanently covered in a layer of ice, topped with snow. The "top" of the mountain at which the elevation was measured can vary as much as twenty feet or more, depending on how much snow has fallen on its peak. Scientists believe that the actual tip of the rock lies tens of feet below the ice and snow on its summit. There are current plans to use ground penetrating radar to get a reading of the actual height of the mountain <i>beneath</i> all that snow. Although the Himalayan Range is only 1,550 miles/2480km long, the average height of all the major peaks in the Himalayas easily makes it the <b><span style="font-weight: normal;">highest mountain range on land</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.</b></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><b>The Birth of a Mountain</b></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Mountains aren't just big piles of dirt, they're made of solid rock. Believe it or not, the rocks that make up the Himalayan mountains used to be an ancient sea floor. Over millions of years, rivers washed rocks and soil from existing mountains on the Indian subcontinent and nearby Asia into a shallow sea where the <i>sediment</i> was deposited on the floor. Layer upon layer of sediment built up over millions of years until the pressure and weight of the overlying sediment caused the stuff way down deep to turn into rock. Then about 40 million years ago, in a process called "uplifting", the sea floor began to be forced upward forming mountains.</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"></div><h3 style="color: lime;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Fast Facts</span></h3><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> British surveyors named the peak for George Everest (properly pronounced “I-ver-ist”) a Surveyor General of India in the mid-nineteenth century.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Everest was once surveyed at exactly 29,000 feet but the surveyors didn't think people would believe that so they added two feet to its elevation, making it 29,002 feet.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Everest is rising from 3 to 6 millimeters or about 1/3 inch a year. Everest is also moving northeastward about 3 inches a year.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Everest was dissected by <span style="text-decoration: none;">glaciers</span> into a huge pyramid with three faces and three major ridges on the north, south, and west sides of the mountain. Five major glaciers continue to chisel Mount Everest—Kangshung Glacier on the east; East Rongbuk Glacier on the northeast; Rongbuk Glacier on the north; and Khumbu Glacier on the west and southwest.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Mount Everest has an extreme climate. The summit temperature never rises above freezing or 32° F (0° C). Its summit temperatures in January average -33° F (-36° C) and can drop to -76° F (-60° C). In July, the average summit temperature is -2° F (-19° C).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The best time to climb Everest is in early May before the monsoon season.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Southeast Ridge from Nepal, called the South Col Route, and the Northeast Ridge or the North Col Route from Tibet are the usual climbing routes.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt 32.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">8.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1978 <span style="text-decoration: none;">Reinhold Messner</span> and Peter Habeler were the first to climb Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen. Messner later described his summit experience: "In my state of spiritual abstraction, I no longer belong to myself and to my eyesight. I am nothing more than a single narrow gasping lung, floating over the mists and summits." In 1980 Messner made the first solo ascent, which was via a new route on the mountain's north side.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">9.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span>Over 150 bodies of dead climbers are on the peak.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-72725898764760793602011-07-20T06:22:00.000-07:002011-07-27T07:57:17.932-07:00Mount Elbrus<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sDJqYdXktiM/TjAQelwN6BI/AAAAAAAAABU/QaJwdokxQ64/s1600/Mount+Elbrus.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sDJqYdXktiM/TjAQelwN6BI/AAAAAAAAABU/QaJwdokxQ64/s400/Mount+Elbrus.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
<div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">The West Summit, the highest point of this twin-summited, massive, glaciated volcanic dome, is also the highest point in Europe. Asia and the border of Russia with Georgia lies along the main ridge of the Caucasus about 10km south of the summit. The East Summit, 5621m, lies about 1500m to the east and is separated from West Summit by The Saddle, 5416m, an icy and windswept broad gap. The remains of the Saddle Hut are just visible several hundred metres south of the gap itself and are testament to grand plans that had been made to develop the route to the summit.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">The Priut of the Eleven, a grand and futuristic metal clad, three storey building, located at 4120m, now also is just a distant memory, only its charred ruins can be seen a few metres from the newly constructed Diesel Hut. This itself was built on the ruins of the fuel store once used to power the generators for the Priut 11. The much grander plan to build a cable car station at the site of the Priut never got off the ground and nobody remembers when the radiators that formed part of the steps up to the Priut where ever used as they were intended.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Over 70 glaciers flow down from the icy dome of Elbrus whose glaciated area covers about 130 square kilometres. Neither summit is particularly difficult and ascents could be attempted from a variety of directions but few ever venture off the standard route up the main summit which utilises the cable way and chairlift system leading to the Garabashi Barrels (huts located at 3800m) from where it is a short walk up to the Diesel Hut. Access difficulties, bad weather and extensive crevassed areas make other routes very serious propositions. In bad weather conditions the wind chill effect can take temperatures down to -50°C. It is worth bearing in mind that every year many people die on the mountain, some say that if you are successful on Elbrus you could well be able to tackle Everest.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">The ancients knew the mountain as Strobilus and believed that Prometheus was chained here. The lower of the two summits was first ascended in 1868 by Douglas Freshfield, A. W. Moore, and C. C. Tucker, and the higher (by about 40 m) in 1874 by a British expedition led by F. Crauford Grove. During the early years of the Soviet Union, mountaineering became a popular sport of the masses, and there was tremendous traffic on the mountain. In the winter of 1936, a very large group of inexperienced Komsomol members attempted the mountain, and ended up suffering many fatalities when they slipped on the ice and fell to their deaths. The Germans briefly occupied the mountain during World War II with 10,000 mountaineer soldiers; a possibly apocryphal story tells of a Soviet pilot being given a medal for bombing the main mountaineering hut, Pruit 11, while it was occupied. He was then later nominated for a medal for not hitting the hut, but instead the fuel supply, leaving the hut standing for future generations.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">The Soviet Union encouraged ascents of Elbrus, and in 1956 it was climbed en masse by 400 mountaineers to mark the 400th anniversary of the annexation of Kabardino-Balkaria, the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in which Elbrus was located.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">From 1959 through 1976, a cable car system was built in stages which can take visitors as high as 3,800 meters. There are a wide variety of routes up the mountain, but the normal route, which is free of crevasses, continues more or less straight up the slope from the end of the cable car system. During the summer, it is not uncommon for 100 people to be attempting the summit via this route each day. The climb is not technically difficult, but it is physically arduous because of the elevations and the frequent strong winds.</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">The Caucasus Mountains are the result of a tectonic plate collision between the Arabian plate moving northward with respect to the Eurasian plate. They form a continuation of the Himalaya, which are being pressed upwards by a similar collison zone with the Eurasian and Indian plates. The entire region is regularly subjected to strong earthquakes from this activity, especially as the fault structure is complex with the Anatolia/Turkey and Iranian Blocks flowing sidewise, which prevents subduction of the advancing plate edge and hence the lack of volcanoes (though some minor dome structures, such as Elbrus' peaks, do exist).</div><div style="color: lime; margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Mount Elbrus should not be confused with the Alborz (also called Elburz) mountains in Iran.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
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</style> <![endif]--> <h2 style="color: lime;"></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SL-a5yTO1bY/TjAEgbMXJmI/AAAAAAAAABQ/oIEVF7C5yok/s1600/mt.aconcagua.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SL-a5yTO1bY/TjAEgbMXJmI/AAAAAAAAABQ/oIEVF7C5yok/s400/mt.aconcagua.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The <strong><span style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Aconcagua mountain</span></strong> (6962 meters above sea level) is located in the Argentine Republic, at 69º 59´ West longitude and 32º 39´ South latitude, in what is called Aconcagua Mountain Provincial Park in the province of Mendoza.</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">This province is situated in the Center West of Argentina, and it has an area of 150,839 square kilometers. Those who want to visit Aconcagua Mountain Park must go through the capital of the province, also called Mendoza, which is located 750 meters above sea level. Mendoza is well known around the world for the quality of its wines, mainly the Malbec variety from Luján de Cuyo, one of the best worldwide. Mendoza is a modern region with an international airport, all means of transport, and lodging capacity for 15,000 people (campsites, apartments, houses, hotels, cottages, etc.) </div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-weight: normal;">Aconcagua mountain</span></strong> is a preferred destination due to the physical and psychological demands it poses to climbers, its climate and the beauty of the surrounding scenery. It is the highest mountain in the Southern Hemisphere and one of the most sought after in the seven-thousand meter circuit. It is also special as an introduction to big heights since its elevation and geographic and weather conditions constitute an ideal setting both for moderate demands and as preparation for the more exacting challenges posed by the eight-thousand meter and other peaks in the Himalayas.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The "Colossus of America" is the goal of climbers from all over the world as well as an attraction to thousands of tourists per year who come enjoy its natural beauty and treasure this unique and magnificent experience.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The <strong><span style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Aconcagua Mountain Provincial Park</span></strong> is one of the three high-mountain parks in Mendoza, along with Tupungato volcano and Diamante lagoon. It was created by Law 4807 on November 28, 1990; it is located in the district of Las Heras and comprises 71,000 hectares. The official season for visits goes from November 15 to March 15.<br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The harsh weather conditions of this reserve are due to the altitude of the ecosystem, and this explains its low bio-diversity. However, the local animal and plant species are of special interest and show an outstanding adaptation to the altitude. They are found in the lower areas of the park (up to 4000 meters above sea level). </div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The predominant vegetation is the steppe with low bushes, such as yellow firewood, yareta and goat horn, along with open height pastures made up of huecú and ichus.<br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">Besides, over sixty varieties of birds inhabit the area. Among them, the most typical species are the condor and the purple eagle. The most common land animals are the mountain rats, the agachona and the red fox. Other species worth mentioning are some amphibians and reptiles indigenous to high mountain regions. Fertile plains and streams are home to spotted sandpipers, churrines and a variety of duck called torrente. There are also large herds of guanacos predated by pumas. European hares abound and are an exotic species growing wild in the region.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">A few meters from the first park ranger camp and the international road, tourists can visit one of the most exotic lagoons in the province of Mendoza for its blue color and its cold temperature. This lagoon is home to a wide range of indigenous animals and wild plants.</div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
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</style> <![endif]--> </div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><strong>Mountain Climbing in Mendoza</strong></div><span style="color: lime;"> </span> <div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">There are also several climbing clubs and federations, such as (MMC) Mendoza Mountain Climbing Club (CAM in Spanish) founded in 1935, which has one of the largest libraries on mountain issues in the country, as well as woodies and mountain shelters. The club also features a provincial school for mountain and trekking guides as well as a branch of the Argentine Association of Mountain Guides based in Bariloche and recognized by the International Union of Associations of Mountain Guides based in Switzerland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Cordón del Plata, 70 kilometers from the city, it is possible to climb several peaks over 5000 meters and one over 6000 meters in 3 to 5 day journeys, which is ideal for training and acclimation. </div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;">The growing modernization and specialization of sports stores will soon make it possible to obtain lyophilized foods and other specific products related to mountain climbing, which are not available now due to the eating habits of our climbers and the excellent quality of our fresh and natural products, which are much cheaper than in Europe and The United States. </div><span style="color: lime;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-815705208284574672011-07-19T21:00:00.000-07:002011-07-27T04:46:27.641-07:00Mount McKinley (Denali)<div style="color: lime;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: lime; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M4ToH8rP2OY/Ti0RiUU18uI/AAAAAAAAABM/vSC8cOSK_5U/s1600/Mount+McKinley.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M4ToH8rP2OY/Ti0RiUU18uI/AAAAAAAAABM/vSC8cOSK_5U/s400/Mount+McKinley.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><span style="color: lime;"></span> <br />
<div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Height: 6194 meters or 20,320 feet. The difference in the barometric pressure at northern latitudes affects acclimatization on Denali and other high arctic mountains. Denali's latitude is 63° while the latitude of Everest is 27°. On a typical summit day in May, the Denali climber will be at the equivalent of 22,000' (6900M) when compared to climbing in the Himalayas in May. This phenomenon of lower barometric pressure at higher elevations is caused by the troposphere being thinner at the poles.</span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Location: 63° 07' N, 151° 01' W</span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Denali (The High One) is the Native (Athabascan) American word for North America's highest peak, Mount McKinley in the mountain chain called the Alaska Range. Denali was renamed Mount McKinley for William McKinley, a nominee for president, by the Princeton graduate and gold prospector, William Dickey. Dickey was one of the hundreds of prospectors seeking gold in the 1896 Cook Inlet stampede. He had written an article for the New York Sun where he described the mountain as the highest in North America at over 20,000 feet.</span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"When later asked why he named the mountain after McKinley, Dickey replied that the verbal bludgeoning he had received from free silver partisans had inspired him to retaliate with the name of the gold-standard champion. "</i></span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Mt. McKinley: The Pioneer Climbs by Terris Moore</span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Since the turn of the 19th century, the official name of this great mountain has not rested in peace. In 1914, following his historic first ascent of the mountain in 1913, Hudson Stuck wrote in the preface of his book, The Ascent of Denali: "Forefront in this book, because forefront in the author's heart and desire, must stand a plea for the restoration to the greatest mountain in North America of its immemorial native name."</span></div><div style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">In 1980, the name Mount McKinley National Park was officially changed to Denali National Park and Preserve. The State of Alaska Board of Geographic Names has also officially changed the mountain's name back to Denali. Negotiations continue today to officially return the original native name to this magnificent mountain. (from <a href="http://www.nps.gov/dena/home/mountaineering/booklet/mbenglish.html" target="_blank">the Denali park website</a>)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">There are many different routes up Denali some extremely technical. Denali's most used route is the West Buttress route (80% of all climbs), which has seen more than 20,000 climbers, Roughly 50% of the climbers have reached the summit.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">Until 1997, about 400 accidents were reported on the West Buttress route, which claimed the lives of 34 climbers, mostly while descending. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">"The fact that the West Buttress route is not technically difficult should not obscure the need to plan for extreme survival situations. Of course, some climbers manage to get up and down in perfectly nice, but rare period of weather; when back home, they encourage others to climb this 'easy walkup' of a mountain. Little do they realize that it was only by sheer luck they weren't trying to keep their tent up in the middle of the night in a 60mph wind at 40° below zero, with boots on and ice axe ready in case the tent suddenly imploded. Because of the non-technical reputation of the popular West Buttress route, it is a terribly underestimated climb."<br />
— Peter H. Hackett, M.D., from "Surviving Denali" by Jonathan Waterman</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">The lower north peak was first climbed on April 3, 1910 by a group of climbers bringing a 6 by 12 foot American flag and a 14 foot spruce pole. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">Denali's higher South Summit was first climbed by Hudson Stuck, Harry Karstens, Walter Harper and Robert Tatum on June 7, 1913. The first ascent of the West Buttress route was made in 1951, by the party of Dr Bradford Washburn, well known for his excellent photographs of the Alaska Mountains</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">The first winter ascent was made by Dave Johnston, Ray Genet & Art Davidson; the title of their book says it all: 'Minus 148°'. Read this before you even mention the words Winter and Denali in one sentence… </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">Snow and weather conditions for climbing major Alaska Range peaks are usually best from May through July. Colder minimum temperatures and strong northwest winds commonly occur in May. Late June and July are warmer but more unsettled. By late July, travel on the lower glaciers is made difficult by melting snow bridges over crevasses and by more inclement weather with heavier snowfall and increased avalanche danger. The highest success rates occur in June. April is an excellent month for many of the lower peaks with conditions often cold and clear while the winter extremes still linger on Denali and Mt. Foraker. The coldest weather on Denali is found from November through April with average temperatures ranging from -30F to -70F recorder at the 19,000 foot level. It is not uncommon to find it -50F at the 17,200 foot camp in early May.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 12pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small;">Winter climbing in Denali borders on the ridiculous more because of its unfathomable risks than because of its mountaineering challenge. Some of the world's best climbers have either disappeared or perished form literally being flash frozen! In winter months, the jet stream, +100mph (160 km/h), will often descend over the mountain's upper flanks. Combine this wind with the naturally caused venturi effect that doubles wind velocity in such areas as Denali Pass and you will find one of the most hostile environments on this planet. The combined effect of ferocious wind and extreme cold easily and routinely send the wind chill off the charts.</span></div><span style="color: lime;"></span>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-16231818449025501892011-07-19T20:43:00.000-07:002011-07-27T04:45:33.941-07:00Kilimanjaro<div style="color: lime;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F7AFsybVdoU/Ti0LKSAT-GI/AAAAAAAAABI/NKRV4A-cjGY/s1600/Mt.+Klilimanjaro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F7AFsybVdoU/Ti0LKSAT-GI/AAAAAAAAABI/NKRV4A-cjGY/s400/Mt.+Klilimanjaro.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Original name: Kilima Njaro (Swahili) Oldoinyo Oibor (Masai)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Height: 5895 meters or 19,340 feet; Looming some 16 000 feet (4900 meters) above the plains that spread out from its base, the mountain dominates its surroundings.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Location: 3°04' South Latitude, 37°21' East longitude; although it's close to the Kenyan border, Kili is completely in Tanzania </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Composed of three separate volcanoes, massive and complex Kilimanjaro covers an area 60 miles (100 kilometers) long and 40 miles (65 kilometers) wide. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">First (western) Ascent: H. Meyer & L. Purtscheller, 1889</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kilimanjaro is an extinct volcano, with 3 peaks: Kibo, Shira & Mawenzi. Kibo is the highest one (5895m) in the center, Mawenzi is lower (5,149m or 16,896 feet) and east of Kibo, but more technical. Kili's 3rd peak Shira is less obvious, but it's also an extinct volcano. ( 3,962m or 13,000 feet, west of Kibo) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The volcanoes, whose lava fields overlapped and partially obliterated each other, began erupting approximately 2 million years ago. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The peaks of Kibo and Mawenzi are joined by a broad saddle 7 miles (11 kilometers) long.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">All year long it is possible although most avoid the rainy season: The long rainy season is from April to May, the short rainy season is mostly in November/beginning of December. Always be prepared for wet days and cold nights on the mountain any time of year! </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Because of Kilimanjaro’s great height, the mountain influences its own weather. Winds incoming from the Indian Ocean are deflected upward by the slopes and drop their moisture as rain and snow. This moisture results in a variety of vegetative zones that contrast dramatically with the savanna grasses and semidesert scrub on the surrounding plains. The mount’s lower slopes, probably once forested, have been cleared for the cultivation of coffee, corn, and other crops. At higher elevations [approximately 9800 feet (3000 meters)] lies a belt of tropical rain forest that gives way to grasslands and moorlands. This belt, in turn, is replaced by high-altitude desert [near 14 500 feet (4400 meters)]. At the highest elevations is a zone of permanent ice and snow that is responsible for the name Kilimanjaro, which in Swahili means "the mountain that glitters." (from the Nasa site</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kilimanjaro National Park is the area above 2,700 meters (8,850 feet) on the mountain. It includes the moorland and highland zones, Shira Plateau, Kibo and Mawenzi peaks. In addition, the Park has six corridors or rights of way through the Kilimanjaro Forest Reserve. The Forest Reserve, which is also a Game Reserve, was established in 1921; the Park was established in 1973 and officially opened in 1977</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-21535672289444376622011-07-18T19:56:00.000-07:002011-07-24T22:46:14.276-07:00Vinson Massif<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9QsOcDSAMOU/TiyrN-b5yII/AAAAAAAAABA/y6M3Etd8foo/s1600/Vinson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="261" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9QsOcDSAMOU/TiyrN-b5yII/AAAAAAAAABA/y6M3Etd8foo/s400/Vinson.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Discover: 1957, after being sighted by US Navy aircraft</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Height: 4897m (16,067ft). It is also 13km (8 miles) wide</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Location: 78°35’S, 85°25’W. Part of the Sentinel Range and 1200km (746 miles) from the South Pole</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Vinson Massif was named after Carl G. Vinson, a US congressman who persuaded the US Government to pledge support for exploration of Antarctica in the 20th century. The mountain was first climbed by a US expedition team sponsored by the American Alpine Club. They reached the summit at 11.30am on 18 December 1966 – the first of many climbing teams who would come to conquer Antarctica’s highest peak. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Adventure Network International first arranged a climb of Vinson Massif in 1984. The expedition was unsuccessful due to weather and engine problems, but in 1985, Adventure Network International organised and completed three successful expeditions. Since the inception of the Vinson Massif climbing program, Adventure Network International has taken over 500 clients to the top of this coveted Seventh Summit.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Adventure Network was aquired by Antarctic Logistics who continued the services, up til beginning of 2005 about 950 people have summited Mt Vinson.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(<a href="http://www.theomegafoundation.org/shinn02%20final%20report.htm" target="_self">F</a><a href="http://www.theomegafoundation.org/shinn02%20final%20report.htm" target="_blank">rom Damien Gildea's Shinn report of te Omega Foundation</a>:)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">"Mt. Shinn has long been considered Antarctica’s third highest mountain. The first surveys of the Ellsworth Mountains were done by US parties during the 1961-62 season, when the first ascents of mountains in the range were also done. The area was re-surveyed in the 1979-80 season, again by a US party. This expedition included, however, two German and one Soviet climber, who climbed to the summit of Vinson Massif in the course of their work. They placed a ski-pole and red flag on the summit, which assisted the ground parties in obtaining a height for Vinson that was more accurate than had previously been ascertained. Thus the height of Vinson’s main summit was reduced from 5140m to 4897m. The official height of Mt. Tyree was also reduced to 4852m, but no height was ever published for Mt. Shinn – either before or after the 1979 work."</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Shinn was measured by Gildea and found to be 4661m.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Antarctica Facts:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">1. Antarctica is the Earth's 5th largest continent, measuring 14 million square kilometres (5.4 million square miles). </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2. The ice sheet that covers almost all of Antarctica is the largest body of fresh water on earth, containing about 90% of the world's ice and 68% of the fresh water.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3. If Antarctica's ice sheet were to melt, it would raise the level of the world's oceans about 60 metres (200 feet).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">4. The thickest part of the ice sheet extends about 4,800km (2980nm) (15,700 feet) into submerged basins in the rock.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">5. Antarctica has the greatest average elevation of any continent at 1,860 metres (6,100 feet). The average elevation of North America is 720 metres (2,300 feet).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">6. The highest mountain on the continent is Vinson Massif,4,897 metres (16,067 feet), situated in the Ellsworth Mountains (see the waypoints page for details about variation of the measurements).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">7. The snow fall in Antarctica is so minimal that the continent has been called "the world's coldest desert". The interior receives less than 3 cm (1 inch) of precipitation a year, making it the driest continent on Earth.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">8. The Antarctic dry valleys in Victoria Land are among the driest places on Earth. Some scientists believe that no rain has fallen there for two million years. Astronauts have visited the dry valleys because of their similarity to lunar landscapes.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">9. Mean temperatures in the inland during the coldest month from -40 F to -94 F and in the warmest month from 5 F to -31 F. At the coasts, the temperature ranges between 5 F to -22 F in winter and about 32 F in summer. On July 21, 1983, the Soviet station, Vostok, reported a record-breaking 128.6 F below freezing.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">10. During winter months, low temperatures cause much of the seas around Antarctica to freeze. At maximum sea ice covers an area larger than the continent itself.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">11. The South Pole experiences a six month period of darkness in winter and a six month period of sunlight in summer.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="color: lime; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">12. Antarctica is the only continent in the world with no permanent or indigenous human inhabitants. Larger than the United States, the frozen land is populated by approximately 2,500 people during the summer and fewer than 1,000 in the winter.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: lime;"> </span></div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756718257704082775.post-75574984029228471932011-07-18T18:40:00.000-07:002011-07-24T22:47:56.655-07:00Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iXggtwK_9Vw/TiyryoMgYHI/AAAAAAAAABE/eyp8ie_MK5U/s1600/cartenz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="245" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iXggtwK_9Vw/TiyryoMgYHI/AAAAAAAAABE/eyp8ie_MK5U/s400/cartenz.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Height: 16,023 feet (4,884 meters) </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Location: Irian Jaya (Or Papua since 2000), Indonesia, Australia/Oceania </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lat/Lon: 4.08°S, 137.18°E </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">First climbed by Harrer, Temple, Kippax and Huizenga in 1962. (Heinrich Harrer is known from his '7years in Tibet'.)</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">This is technically the hardest of the <span style="text-decoration: none;">7 summits</span>. Although Dick Bass climbed Kosciuszko as the last of his 7 summits quest, this is in fact the highest mountain of the oceanic continent, but the discussion is still going on.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">First climbed by Heinrich Harrer who wrote his book "I come from the stone age" about this period. It's a steep granite wall with sharp good climbable rock. Only a few hundred people have climbed Carstensz due to the political instability and the fact that it is hidden in dense jungle. Be prepared to climb in snow, rain, with your gloves being torn by the sharp rock, while seeing the Freeport company tearing down other nearby mountains, the last glaciers near the equator and men wearing nothing but penisgourds!</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Irian Jaya is Indonesia's "wild east". Much of it was still unexplored by outsiders as recently as the 1930s. The Dutch began serious exploration in about 1898. After the Indonesians defeated the Dutch in 1949 and 1950, the Dutch insisted on keeping Irian Jaya. They finally gave up the colony in 1963, under a combination of military and diplomatic pressure. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1969, a UN-sponsored referendum of village elders led to Irian Jaya becoming a province of Indonesia. Since that time, more noticeably since the late 1970s, there have been separatist movements seeking to make Irian Jaya an independent country, particularly the OPM or "Organisasi Papua Merdeka" guerilla group. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: lime;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Under the Dutch in the 1930s, Irian Jaya or West New Guinea was a place to which many political prisoners were sent. Mohammed Hatta and Sutan Sjahrir, nationalist leader who were later major figures in the independence struggle, were sent to the Boven Digul prison camp in the southeast of the region. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Jayapura is the main city. It was formerly called Hollandia by the Dutch. Allied (American and Australian) forces passed through here in 1944 on the way to the reconquest of the Philippines. Irian Jaya province was officially renamed Papua on December 31, 1999. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The mountain is about 100kms from the nearest sea. It has taken a few expeditions in the 1930's to get even close to the base as the explorers had to find their way across steep walls and dense jungle. Heinrich Harrer used local tracks coming from North of the range. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: lime;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Old climber's route: in the old days the Freeport mine gave permission to use their road to the mine. This is a long gravel road all the way from Timika at the coast through and over the mountains. You pass Tembagapura, which is a 20,000 people town in the middle of the mountains, built especially for the miners. The road continues up the mountain, through some tunnels until it ends up at the pit. Instead of driving through the tunnels you can also use the Swiss made cable car to get from 2700m to 3500m quickly. At the east side of the the pit is a narrow muddy track where you enter the park. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">From the mine it is a few hours walking to the mountain. You climb up a muddy track, pass the "Zebra Wall" en continue along some small lakes in the Merenvalley until you climb up to the Basecamp valley. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Beware that this route takes you from sea level to BC within 7 hours if you do not sleep at Zebra Wall and severe altitude problems can occur for the not acclimatized. Even when sleeping at Zebra wall (3700m) this is a serious problem. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Because the miners don't like too many nosey people in this polluting place anymore the only option is to do a 5 day trekking from Ilaga through the jungle, moors and hills of Irian Jaya or take a helicopter ride to Zebra Wall In 2002 the regular trekking route has changed again as it is getting harder and harder to find a way around the bureaucracy, war zones and the powerful Freeport mine. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">You need several permits from different places (ministries, army, police etc) to travel to the island in general and climbing the mountain specifically. Permits are very hard to get, best is to team up with an organized trip as it will cost you months, even years to organize it yourself and even then the permits may not be valid when you get there... Also as happened often the last few years, the entire area can be sealed off without warning and all permits will be void if anything happens. Irian Jaya wants to be independent since 1969 and the free Papua movement (OPM) sometimes attacks Indonesians or Westerners to attract attention for their cause. Even though most actions are peaceful, like raising the Papua flag, this is enough reason fro the Indonesian army to seal the area for an indefinite period of time, which has happened last year and is still going on. Currently the Ilaga, Singa and mine routes are all closed due to the violence in the country; the only possibility for climbing Carstensz is to fly in and out the area by helicopter. But you still need a permit and these are not being issued right now.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">CP can be climbed all year round as it is very close to the equator and there is bad weather all year round.<br />
It is really raining a lot as the wet winds are pushed upwards from all sides. When climbing the narrow summitridge there are serious chances<br />
of snowstorms, so be prepared.<br />
<br />
The advice is to grab the chance when you are able as the mountain can be closed without warning and for longer than you might like.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The mining area including Tembagapura is off-limits for everybody, but the Merenvalley offers a few good spots for basecamp. From there you can not only climb Carstensz, but also Ngga Pulu and other peaks.<br />
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Water can be taken from the lakes and is quite clear, but filtering mostly is a good idea, as both climbers and porters often do not see the connection between peeing in a lake close by and the resulting illnesses.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: lime; line-height: normal; margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>The Backpacker Kebonanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05236572725176659951noreply@blogger.com0